sp_helpconfig

Any user in the server can query the value of the encrypted columns options using sp_helpconfig. For example, to find out if restricted decrypt permission is active, enter:

sp_helpconfig 'restricted decrypt permission'

The output is similar to:

0 - restricted decrypt permission disabled (default).
1 - restricted decrypt permission enabled

Minimum Value                Maximum Value   Default Value   Current Value 
Memory Used      Unit       Type           ----------------            -----------     ----------      ---------
-------    ------------      -------------
0                            1                0              0
0          switch             dynamic 

you can also run sp_helpconfig 'enable encrypted columns' to determine if encrypted columns in enabled on the server.