Handling errors at runtime

A serious error at runtime (such as attempting to access a window that has not been opened) will trigger the SystemError event in the Application object if you have not added exception handling code to take care of the error.

If there is no SystemError script

If you do not write a SystemError script to handle these errors, PowerBuilder displays a message box containing the following information:

The number and text of the error message
The line number, event, and object in which the error occurred

There is also an OK button that closes the message box and stops the application.

If there is a SystemError script

If there is a script for the SystemError event, PowerBuilder executes the script and does not display the message box. Whether or not you have added TRY/CATCH blocks to your code to trap errors, it is a good idea to build an application-level script for the SystemError event to trap and process any runtime errors that have not been handled, as described in “Using the Error object”.

For more information about handling exceptions, see Application Techniques.

Using the Error object

In the script for the SystemError event, you can access the built-in Error object to determine which error occurred and where it occurred. The Error object contains the properties shown in Table 32-3.

**Table 32-3: Properties of the Error object**
Property	Data type	Description
Number	Integer	Identifies the PowerBuilder error.
Text	String	Contains the text of the error message.
WindowMenu	String	Contains the name of the window or menu in which the error occurred.
Object	String	Contains the name of the object in which the error occurred. If the error occurred in a window or menu, the Object property will be the same as the WindowMenu property
ObjectEvent	String	Contains the event for which the error occurred.
Line	Integer	Identifies the line in the script at which the error occurred.

Defining your own Error object You can customize your own version of the Error object by defining a class user object inherited from the built-in Error object. You can add properties and define object-level functions for your Error object to allow for additional processing. In the Application painter, you can then specify that you want to use your user object inherited from Error as the global Error object in your application. For more information, see “Building a standard class user object”.

Runtime error numbers

Table 32-4 lists the runtime error numbers returned in the Number property of the Error object and the meaning of each number:

**Table 32-4: PowerBuilder runtime errors**
Number	Meaning
1	Divide by zero.
2	Null object reference.
3	Array boundary exceeded.
4	Enumerated value is out of range for function.
5	Negative value encountered in function.
6	Invalid DataWindow row/column specified.
7	Unresolvable external when linking reference.
8	Reference of array with null subscript.
9	DLL function not found in current application.
10	Unsupported argument type in DLL function.
11	Object file is out of date and must be converted to current version.
12	DataWindow column type does not match GetItem type.
13	Unresolved property reference.
14	Error opening DLL library for external function.
15	Error calling external function name.
16	Maximum string size exceeded.
17	DataWindow referenced in DataWindow object does not exist.
18	Function does not return value.
19	Cannot convert name in Any variable to name.
20	Database command not successfully prepared.
21	Bad runtime function reference.
22	Unknown object type.
23	Cannot assign object of type name to variable of type name.
24	Function call does not match its definition.
25	Double or Real expression has overflowed.
26	Field name assignment not supported.
27	Cannot take a negative to a noninteger power.
28	VBX Error: name.
29	Nonarray expected in ANY variable.
30	External object does not support data type name.
31	External object data type name not supported.
32	Name not found calling external object function name.
33	Invalid parameter type calling external object function name.
34	Incorrect number of parameters calling external object function name.
35	Error calling external object function name.
36	Name not found accessing external object property name.
37	Type mismatch accessing external object property name.
38	Incorrect number of subscripts accessing external object property name.
39	Error accessing external object property name.
40	Mismatched ANY data types in expression.
41	Illegal ANY data type in expression.
42	Specified argument type differs from required argument type at runtime in DLL function name.
43	Parent object does not exist.
44	Function has conflicting argument or return type in ancestor.
45	Internal table overflow; maximum number of objects exceeded.
46	Null object reference cannot be assigned or passed to a variable of this type.
47	Array expected in ANY variable.
48	Size mismatch in array-to-object conversion.
49	Type mismatch in array-to-object conversion.
50	Distributed Service Error: name.
51	Bad argument list for function/event: name.
52	Distributed Communications Error: name.
53	The server name could not be located. It was probably not started.
54	The server name is rejecting new messages. It is in the process of shutting down.
55	The request caused an abnormal termination. The connection has been closed.
56	A message was not fully transmitted.
57	This connection object is not connected to a server.
58	Object instance does not exist.
59	Invalid column range.
60	Invalid row range.
61	Invalid conversion of number dimensional array to object.
62	The server name is busy and not accepting new connections.
63	Function/event with no return value used in expression.
64	Object array expected on left side of assignment.
65	Dynamic function not found. Possible causes include: pass by value/reference mismatch.
66	Invalid subscript for array index operation.
67	Null object reference cannot be assigned or passed to an autoinstantiate.
68	Null object reference cannot be passed to external DLL function name.
69	Function name cannot be called from a secured runtime session.
70	External DLL function name cannot be called from a secured runtime session.
71	General protection fault occurred.
72	name failed with an operating system error code of number.
73	Reference parameters cannot be passed to an asynchronous shared/remote object method.
74	Reference parameters cannot be passed to a shared object method.
75	The server has forced the client to disconnect.
76	Passing null as a parameter to external function name.
77	Object passed to shared/remote object method is not a nonvisual user object.
78	Listening works only in the Enterprise version of PowerBuilder.
79	The argument to name must be an array.
80	The server has timed out the client connection.
81	Function argument file creator must be a four-character string.
82	Function argument file type must be a four-character string.
83	Attempt to invoke a function or event that is not accessible.
84	Wrong number of arguments passed to function/event call.
85	Error in reference argument passed in function/event call.
86	Ambiguous function/event reference.
87	The connection to the server has been lost.
88	Cannot ask for ClassDefinition Information on open painter: name.
89	5.0 style proxy objects are not supported. Copy the new style proxy that was generated at migration time.
90	Cannot assign array of type name to variable of type array of name.
91	Cannot convert name in Any variable to name. Possible cause: uninitialized value.
92	Required property name is missing.
93	CORBA User Exception: exceptionname.
94	CORBA System Exception: exceptionname.
95	CORBA Objects cannot be created locally.
96	Exception Thrown has not been handled.
97	Cannot save name because of a circular reference problem. Possible causes: This object references another class, which in turn references this object. Some other circular reference is pointing back to this object, causing a deadlock condition. Suggested actions: Temporarily remove the circular reference from the referenced object. Make your required changes to this object to refer to that object. Add back the circular reference you removed in step 1. Perform a full rebuild (recommended).
98	Obsolete object reference.
99	Error calling method of a PBNI object.
100	Error loading library containing a PBNI object.
101	Error unloading library containing a PBNI object.
102	Error creating a PBNI object.
103	Error destroying a PBNI object.
104	Error calling PowerBuilder system function functionname.
105	Executing a HALT statement in a server component is strictly forbidden.
106	Function is reserved or not yet implemented.
107	Argument is out of range.
108	Not enough memory to execute the operation.
109	Cannot assign a null value to array variables.

Some errors terminate the application immediately. They do not trigger the SystemError event.

SystemError event scripts

A typical script for the SystemError event includes a CHOOSE CASE control structure to handle specific errors. To stop the application, include a HALT statement in the SystemError script.

Caution You can continue your application after a SystemError event, but doing so can cause unpredictable and undesirable effects. Where the application will resume depends on what caused the error. Typically, you are better off reporting the problem to the user, then stopping the application with HALT.

To test the SystemError event script:

Assign values to the properties of the Error object with the PopulateError function.
Call the SignalError function to trigger the SystemError event.

The script for the SystemError event executes.