Mathematical
built-in functions return values commonly needed for operations on
mathematical data.
Table 15-7: Arguments used in mathematical
functions
Argument type
|
Can be replaced by
|
|---|
approx_numeric
|
Any approximate numeric (float, real,
or double precision) column name, variable, constant
expression, or a combination of these
|
integer
|
Any integer (tinyint, smallint, int, bigint, unsigned
smallint, unsigned int, unsigned bigint)
column name, variable, constant expression, or a combination of
these
|
numeric
|
Any exact numeric (numeric, dec, decimal, tinyint, smallint, int, bigint, unsigned smallint, unsigned
int, or unsigned bigint), approximate
numeric (float, real,
or double precision),
or money column, variable, constant expression,
or a combination of these
|
power
|
Any exact numeric, approximate numeric,
or money column, variable, or constant expression,
or a combination of these
|
Each function also accepts arguments that can be implicitly
converted to the specified type. For example, functions that accept
approximate numeric types also accept integer types. Adaptive Server
converts the argument to the desired type.
If a function takes more than one expression of the same type,
the expressions are numbered (for example, approx_numeric1, approx_numeric2).
Table 15-8: Mathematical functions
Function
|
Argument
|
Result
|
|---|
abs
|
(numeric)
|
Returns the absolute value of a given
expression. Results are of the same type, and have the same precision
and scale, as the numeric expression.
|
acos
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the angle
(in radians) whose cosine is the specified value.
|
asin
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the angle (in radians) whose
sine is the specified value.
|
atan
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the angle (in radians) whose
tangent is the specified value.
|
atn2
|
(approx_numeric1, approx_numeric2)
|
Returns the angle (in radians) whose
tangent is (approx_numeric1/approx_numeric2).
|
ceiling
|
(numeric)
|
Returns the smallest integer greater
than or equal to the specified value. Results are of the same type
as the numeric expression. For numeric and decimal expressions,
the results have a precision equal to that of the expression and
a scale of 0.
|
cos
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the trigonometric
cosine of the specified angle (in radians).
|
cot
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the trigonometric cotangent of
the specified angle (in radians).
|
degrees
|
(numeric)
|
Converts radians to
degrees. Results are of the same type as the numeric expression.
For numeric and decimal expressions,
the results have an internal precision of 77 and a scale equal to
that of the expression. When the money datatype
is used, internal conversion to float may cause
loss of precision.
|
exp
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns
the exponential value of the specified value.
|
floor
|
(numeric)
|
Returns the largest integer that is less
than or equal to the specified value. Results are of the same type
as the numeric expression. For expressions of type numeric or decimal,
the results have a precision equal to that of the expression and
a scale of 0.
|
lockscheme
|
(object_name)
Or
(object_id [,
db_id])
|
Returns
the locking scheme of the specified object as a string.
|
log
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the natural logarithm of the
specified value.
|
log10
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the base 10 logarithm
of the specified value.
|
pagesize
|
(object_name [, index_name])
|
Returns
the page size, in bytes, for the specified object.
|
pi
|
()
|
Returns the constant value of 3.1415926535897931.
|
power
|
(numeric, power)
|
Returns the value of numeric to
the power of power. Results are of the same type
as numeric. For expressions of type numeric or decimal,
the results have a precision of 77 and a scale equal to that of
the expression.
|
radians
|
(numeric_expr)
|
Converts degrees to
radians. Results are of the same type as numeric.
For expressions of type numeric or decimal,
the results have an internal precision of 77 and a scale equal to
that of the numeric expression. When the money datatype
is used, internal conversion to float may cause
loss of precision.
|
rand
|
([integer])
|
Returns
a random float value between 0 and 1, using the optional integer as
a seed value.
|
round
|
(numeric, integer)
|
Rounds the numeric so
that it has integer significant digits. A positive integer determines
the number of significant digits to the right of the decimal point;
a negative integer, the number of significant
digits to the left of the decimal point. Results are of the same
type as the numeric expression and, for numeric and decimal expressions,
have an internal precision equal to the precision of the first argument
plus 1 and a scale equal to that of the numeric expression.
|
sign
|
(numeric)
|
Returns the sign of numeric:
positive (+1), zero (0), or negative (-1). Results are
of the same type and have the same precision and scale as the numeric expression.
|
sin
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the trigonometric sine of the
specified angle (measured in radians).
|
square
|
(numeric_expression)
|
Returns the square of a specified value
expressed as a float.
|
sqrt
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the square root of the specified
value. Value must be positive or 0.
|
tan
|
(approx_numeric)
|
Returns the
trigonometric tangent of the specified angle (measured in radians).
|
